Back كلية الثالوث (دبلن) Arabic ترينيتى كوليدچ، دابلين ARZ Dublin Triniti Kolleci Azerbaijani ترینیتی کالجی AZB Trinity College Dublin BAN ট্রিনিটি কলেজ ডাবলিন Bengali/Bangla Trinity College Breton Trinity College (Dublín) Catalan Coleg y Drindod, Dulyn Welsh Trinity College (Dublin) Danish

Trinity College Dublin

Trinity College Dublin
Collegium Sanctae et Individuae Trinitatis Reginae Elizabethae juxta Dublin
The University of Dublin
The entrance of the historic Trinity College (Unsplash)
Entrance gate on College Green
Arms: Azure, a Bible closed, clasps to the dexter, a lion passant guardant, on the sinister a harp both of the last, and in base a castle with two towers domed, each surmounted by a flag flotant to the sides of the shield argent.[1]
                           
Full nameThe Provost, Fellows, Foundation Scholars and the other members of Board of the College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin[2]
Irish: Coláiste Thríonóid Naofa Neamhroinnte na Banríona Eilís gar do Bhaile Átha Cliath[3]
Latin nameCollegium Sanctae et Individuae Trinitatis Reginae Elizabethae juxta Dublin[4]
MottoPerpetuis futuris temporibus duraturam (Latin)[5]
Motto in EnglishIt will last into endless future times[5]
Founder Queen Elizabeth I
Established3 March 1592 (1592-03-03) (via royal charter)[6]
Named forThe Holy Trinity (via Trinity College, Cambridge)[7]
Architectural styleNeoclassical architecture (majority)[8]
Georgian architecture (oldest buildings)[9]
Ruskinian Gothic architecture (minority)[10]
StatusResearch university
Ancient university[11]
Colours  Trinity Blue
  Spindle
  Dark Abbey
  Iron[12]
Sister collegesOriel College, Oxford[13]
St John's College, Cambridge[14]
PresidentLinda Doyle
(as Provost ex officio)
ProvostLinda Doyle[15]
Undergraduates14,085 (2023/24)[16]
Postgraduates6,405 (2023/24)[16]
NewspaperTrinity News, The Piranha, The University Times, Icarus[17]
Endowment€262.4 million (2023)[18]
Affiliations
Websitewww.tcd.ie Edit this at Wikidata

Trinity College Dublin (Irish: Coláiste na Tríonóide, Baile Átha Cliath), known legally as Trinity College, the University of Dublin (TCD),[19][20] and by decree as The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin,[21] is the synonymous constituent college of the University of Dublin in the Republic of Ireland.[22] Founded by Queen Elizabeth I in 1592 through a royal charter,[23][24] it is one of the extant seven "ancient universities" of Great Britain and Ireland.[11] Trinity contributed to Irish literature during the Victorian and Georgian eras, and played a key role in the recognition of Dublin as a UNESCO City of Literature.[25][26][27]

Trinity was established to consolidate the rule of the Tudor monarchy in Ireland, with Provost Adam Loftus christening it after Trinity College, Cambridge.[28][29] Built on the site of the former Priory of All Hallows demolished by King Henry VIII, it was the Protestant university of the Ascendancy ruling elite for over two centuries,[30][31][28] and was therefore associated with social elitism for most of its history.[32][33][34] Trinity has three faculties comprising 25 schools,[35] and affiliated institutions include the Royal Irish Academy of Music, the Lir Academy, and the Irish School of Ecumenics.[36][37] It is a member of LERU and the Coimbra Group. Trinity College Dublin is one of the two sister colleges of both Oriel College, Oxford, and St John's College, Cambridge,[38] and through mutual incorporation,[39] the three universities have retained an academic partnership since 1636.[40][41][42]

The college contains several landmarks such as the Campanile, the GMB, and The Rubrics, as well as the historic Old Library.[43] Trinity's legal deposit library serves both Ireland and the United Kingdom, and has housed the Book of Kells since 1661, the Brian Boru harp since 1782, and a copy of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic since 1916.[44] A major destination in Ireland's tourism,[45] the college receives over two million visitors annually,[46] and has been used as a location in movies and novels.[47] Trinity also houses the world's oldest student society, The Hist, which was founded in 1770.[48][49][50]

Trinity's notable alumni include literary figures such as Oscar Wilde, Jonathan Swift, Samuel Beckett, Bram Stoker, Oliver Goldsmith, William Congreve, and J. S. Le Fanu; philosophers George Berkeley and Edmund Burke; statesman Éamon de Valera; and the writers of the Game of Thrones TV series.[51] Trinity researchers also invented the binaural stethoscope, steam turbine, and hypodermic needle; pioneered seismology, radiotherapy, and linear algebra; coined the term electron; and performed the first artificial nuclear reaction and transmutation.[52][53] Alumni and faculty include 56 Fellows of the Royal Society; eight Nobel laureates; 14 Chief Justices of Ireland; five Pour le Mérite and five Victoria Cross recipients; and six Copley, two Wollaston, and a Faraday medalist.[54]

  1. ^ Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles (January 1915). "Shield description of Trinity College Dublin". The Book of Public Arms. Ireland: Messrs T. C. & E. C. Jack: Recorded in Ulster's Office, Dublin.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  2. ^ "History Of Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin". Ireland: Dublin University FC - Trinity Rugby Press. January 2025.
  3. ^ "Ionaid agus seoltaí – Oifig na Gaeilge : Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Ireland". Ireland: Trinity College. 21 November 2014. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
  4. ^ Archbold, Johanna (May 2010). "Creativity, the City & the University" (PDF). Ireland: Trinity Long Room Hub. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  5. ^ a b Harrington, Suzanne (May 2020). "Irish Examiner view: University a big boost for south-west". Dublin: Irish Examiner Editorial.
  6. ^ "The Trinity College, Dublin (Charters and Letters Patent Amendment) Act, 2000". Number 1 (Private) of 2000. Dublin: Irish Statute Book (ISB).
  7. ^ Clarke, Donald (5 April 2014). "Breaking down Trinity's shield". The Irish Times. Dublin. ISSN 0791-5144. Archived from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 17 July 2016. The name is, of course, a reference to the Christian doctrine that defines God as three consubstantial entities (via a tribute to Trinity College, Cambridge).
    The Trinity was the patron of The Dublin Guild Merchant, primary instigators of the foundation of the University, the arms of which guild are also similar to those of the College.
  8. ^ Brown, Holly (September 2016). "A Structure of the Neoclassical Grandiose at Trinity's West Front". Trinity News. Dublin: The University Times.
  9. ^ Hayes, Melanie; Castle, Richard (November 2022). "Artisans and Architects (1660-1760), Trinity College Dublin". Conference Paper 2022. Ireland: Trinity College Dublin Press.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  10. ^ Sheridan, Andy (12 April 2018). "The Museum Building of Trinity College Dublin: Architecture of the Museum Building". Dublin: Irish Research Council.
  11. ^ a b Dent, H. C. (1944). "Old and New Universities". Bulletin of the American Association of University Professors (1915-1955). 30. New York: American Association of University Professors: 88–91. doi:10.2307/40220510. ISSN 0883-1610. JSTOR 40220510.
  12. ^ "Visual Identity of Trinity College Dublin: Primary Colour Palette and Secondary Colour Palette". Ireland: The University of Dublin. September 2024.
  13. ^ "Sister colleges of Oriel College, Oxford". UK: Oriel College: Middle Common Room. 2017.
  14. ^ "Sister colleges of St. John's College, Cambridge". UK: The University of Cambridge. 2017.
  15. ^ "Biography of Linda Doyle: The President & Provost of Trinity College Dublin". Ireland: The University of Dublin. 30 July 2021. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  16. ^ a b "Key Facts and Figures". Ireland: Higher Education Authority (HEA). Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  17. ^ Maishman, Luke (January 2025). "List of Trinity Newsletters". Ireland: Trinity Publications.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  18. ^ "Annual Report and Consolidated Financial Statements Year ended 30 September 2023" (PDF). Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
  19. ^ Humphreys, Joe (March 2014). "TCD backs rebranding as 'Trinity College, the University of Dublin'". Dublin: The Irish Times.
  20. ^ "Identity: The legal names of Trinity College Dublin". Ireland: The University of Dublin. March 2024.
  21. ^ Duigenan, Patrick (September 2021). Lachrymae Academicae: or, The Present Deplorable State of the College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth, Near Dublin. New Zealand: Legare Street Press. ISBN 9781013927430.
  22. ^ "History – About Trinity". Trinity College Dublin. Ireland: The University of Dublin. Archived from the original on 9 July 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  23. ^ "The royal patronage of Trinity College, Dublin: Queen Elizabeth II visits the university". Ireland: The University of Dublin. May 2011.
  24. ^ "The Trinity College, Dublin (Charters and Letters Patent Amendment) Act, 2000". Dublin: Irish Statute Book (ISB), the Government of Ireland. 2000.
  25. ^ Campbell, John (January 2020). The Book of Trinity College Dublin (1591-1891). Ireland: Trinity College Dublin Press. ISBN 9781331422563.
  26. ^ Hutton, Sarah (15 May 2015). Intellectual History Review: British Philosophy in the Seventeenth Century. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-958611-0. Archived from the original on 9 June 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  27. ^ "TCD Provost John Hegarty Welcomes Dublin's UNESCO City of Literature Award". Dublin, Ireland: News and Events: The University of Dublin. 26 July 2010.
  28. ^ a b Hermans, Jos M. M.; Nelissen, Marc (21 January 2018). Charters of Foundation and Early Documents of the Universities of the Coimbra Group. The Netherlands: Leuven University Press. ISBN 9789058674746. Archived from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2018 – via Google Books.
  29. ^ "Provost and President: Biography of Adam Loftus (1592-1594), the first Provost of Trinity College Dublin". Ireland: The University of Dublin. April 2023.
  30. ^ Pašeta, Senia (December 1998). "Trinity College, Dublin, and the Education of Irish Catholics, 1873-1908". Studia Hibernica (30). UK: Liverpool University Press: 7–20. ISSN 0081-6477. JSTOR 20495087.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  31. ^ Webb, D. A. (March 1992). "Religious Controversy and Harmony at Trinity College Dublin over Four Centuries". Hermathena. Ireland: Trinity College Dublin Press: 95–114. ISSN 0018-0750. JSTOR 23046516.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  32. ^ Shaw, James (September 2015). "Trinity and Age-Old Elitism". Ireland: Trinity College Dublin Students Union, The University Times.
  33. ^ Lennon, Brian (February 2023). "A Columned College: A History of Trinity Exclusionism". Ireland: Trinity College Dublin MISC Magazine.
  34. ^ Wolfe, David (April 2021). "Trinity College must make a conscious effort to shed its elitist reputation". Ireland: Press Council of Ireland, Trinity News.
  35. ^ "Courses and Schools at Trinity College Dublin". Dublin: College Structure, the University of Dublin. March 2025.
  36. ^ "The Royal Irish Academy of Music and Trinity College Dublin Join Forces in an Exciting New Partnership in Performing Arts Education in Ireland". www.tcd.ie. Ireland: Trinity College Dublin News Archives. February 2013.
  37. ^ Healy, Patrick (August 2011). "A School for Actors in Ireland". The New York Times. New York. Archived from the original on 3 October 2019. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  38. ^ Victor Luce, John (February 1992). Volume 7 of University Dublin: Trinity College Quatercentenary Series - Trinity College Dublin, the First 400 Years. Dublin: Trinity College Dublin Press. ISBN 978-1-871408-06-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  39. ^ Wright, Martha (December 1966). "Ad Eundem Gradum". AAUP Bulletin. 52 (4). Washington DC: American Association of University Professors: 433–436. doi:10.2307/40223470. JSTOR 40223470.
  40. ^ "Requirements for Incorporation at Oxford, Cambridge and Dublin universities". Guides to Oxford University Archives (Incorporation): History of Incorporation at Oxford. Oxford University, UK: Bodleian Libraries. September 2024.
  41. ^ "CHAPTER II : MATRICULATION, RESIDENCE, ADMISSION TO DEGREES, DISCIPLINE – INCORPORATION". Statutes and Ordinances of the University of Cambridge. UK: University of Cambridge Press. 2020. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
  42. ^ "Regulations for Degrees, Diplomas, and Certificates: University of Oxford charter for Incorporation of Cambridge and Dublin". Council Regulations 22 of 2002. UK: University of Oxford Press. June 2002.
  43. ^ Gogarty, Claire (April 1997). "Building Finances of Trinity College, Dublin, in the Early Eighteenth Century". Dublin Historical Record. 50 (1). Ballsbridge: Old Dublin Society: 71–75. ISSN 0012-6861. JSTOR 30101160.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  44. ^ "Book of Kells Experience | Trinity College Dublin: Key Points of Interest". Ireland: The University of Dublin Visitor Information Centre. 2024.
  45. ^ "Tourism in Ireland: Dublin's top attractions - Landscapes, Culture and Heritage". Cork: Government of Ireland, Ministry of Tourism. 20 March 2025.
  46. ^ Craven, Mia (September 2024). "The Impact of Unrestricted Campus Tourism on Trinity Students: Comment & Analysis". Dublin: The University Times.
  47. ^ "List of movies, films, and TV series shot at Trinity College Dublin, Ireland". Washington DC: IMDb. 2024.
  48. ^ Omorodion, Sylvia (18 September 2023). "Trinity's Hist recognised by Guinness World Records as oldest student society". The Irish Independent. Dublin, Ireland: Mediahuis. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  49. ^ O'Mahony, Catherine (18 September 2023). "The Hist declared world's oldest student society". Trinity College Dublin. Dublin, Ireland: The University of Dublin. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  50. ^ Wilson, James (18 September 2023). "Guiness Book of World Records: Trinity officially has oldest student society". Newstalk. Dublin, Ireland: Bauer Media Audio Ireland LP. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  51. ^ Sheeran, Patrick F. (January 1983). "Colonial and Imperial Themes Special Number (Colonists and Colonized): Some Aspects of Anglo-Irish Literature from Swift to Joyce". The Yearbook of English Studies. 13. London: Modern Humanities Research Association: 97–115. ISSN 0306-2473. JSTOR 3508115.
  52. ^ * The binaural stethoscope was invented by Arthur Leared in 1851.
    * The hypodermic needle was invented by Francis Rynd in 1844.
    * The steam turbine was invented by Sir Charles Algernon Parsons in 1884.
    * Linear algebra was developed from the invention of quaternions by Sir William Rowan Hamilton in 1843, and he is credited as one of its co-founders.
    * Seismology was coined by Robert Mallet in 1857, and he is regarded as the founding father.
    * Clofazimine was discovered by Vincent Barry in 1954.
    * Avermectin was discovered by William C. Campbell in 1973.
    * Nuclear transmutation and nuclear reaction were both artificially co-produced by Ernest Walton in 1932.
    * Electron terminology was coined by George Johnstone Stoney in 1891.
    * Graphophone was co-invented by Chichester Bell in 1886.
    * Harvard University sixth President Increase Mather.
    * University of Oxford first female Vice-Chancellor Louise Richardson.
    * John Joly pioneered the "Dublin method" of radiotherapy in 1914.
  53. ^ Shenton, Helen (27 October 2023). "Themes: Trinity's Scholarly Contribution to the World". Ireland: The Virtual Trinity Library, Trinity College Dublin Icons.
  54. ^ Awards and medals received by the alumni and faculty of Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. Central Access: Trinity College Dublin Archives. **List is not static and should be updated as required** (The stats with exact number of known recipients is given by exact number; those with "numerous" recipients is given by the minimum assured number. Stats can be verified by visiting individual article of each subject and counting in the recipients section).

    Nobel Prize: Walton, Campbell, Schrödinger, Beckett, Maguire, Hoffman, Beutler, Doherty Pulitzer Prize: Jordan Booker Prize: Enright Tang Prize: Robinson Faraday Medal: Parsons Franklin Medal: Parsons Copley Medal: Whittaker, Parsons, Brinkley, Salmon, MacCullagh, Chenevix Victoria Cross: Gore-Browne, Robertson, Reynolds, Mylott, Adams Pour le Merite: Lloyd, Romney, Stokes, Schrödinger, Hincks Wollaston Medal: Mallet, Sollas Seismology: Mallet CEOs: O'Leary, Walsh, Joyce, Bellew MD: MacNeill Billionaires: Coulson, Grosvenor, O'Leary, Naughton Heads of State: Hyde, McAleese, Robinson, de Valera, Stafford Olympians: 63 (Irish Olympians) Oscar Award: Kokaram Cunningham Medal: 28 Legion of Honour: Numerous (29+) Royal Irish Academy Presidents: Numerous (34+) Senators: 23 (Dublin University (constituency)) Lord Chancellor of Ireland: 28 Hypodermic needle: Rynd Binaural stethoscope: Leared Steam turbine: Parsons Linear algebra: Hamilton Nuclear reaction and transmutation: Walton Clofazimine: Barry Avermectin: Campbell Electron name: Stoney Fellows of the Royal Society: Numerous (56+) Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Ireland: 14
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