Second Epistle to the Thessalonians

2 Thessalonians 3:11–18, along with the beginning of Hebrews in Codex Vaticanus (c. AD 350)[1]

The Second Epistle to the Thessalonians[a] is a book from the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is traditionally attributed to Paul the Apostle, with Timothy as a co-author. During the last quarter of the 20th century, the majority of biblical scholars came to conclude that 2 Thessalonians is a pseudonymous composition in the name of Paul, although a "substantial minority of biblical scholars" continue to defend its traditional authorship.[4] Those who reject its authenticity point to differences in style and theology between it and the First Epistle to the Thessalonians, which is undisputed.[5]

Scholars who support its authenticity view it as having been written around 51–52 AD, shortly after the First Epistle.[6][7] Those who see it as a later composition assign a date of around 80–115 AD.[8]

The original text was written in Koine Greek.

  1. ^ Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. (2nd ed.). Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. p. 159. ISBN 978-0-8028-4098-1. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023.
  2. ^ ESV Pew Bible. Wheaton, IL: Crossway. 2018. p. 989. ISBN 978-1-4335-6343-0. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021.
  3. ^ "Bible Book Abbreviations". Logos Bible Software. Archived from the original on 21 April 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
  4. ^ Collins, Raymond F (8 June 2018). "THESSALONIANS, EPISTLES TO THE". New Catholic Encyclopedia. Cengage. Retrieved 15 June 2025 – via Encyclopedia.com.
  5. ^ Aune, David E. (2010). The Blackwell Companion to The New Testament. Blackwell. p. 517. ISBN 978-1-40510825-6.
  6. ^ "The New Testament (Recovery Version)" p. 959, ISBN 1-57593-907-X (economy ed., black)
  7. ^ Earl D. Radmacher (Th.D.), Ronald B. Allen (Th.D.), H. Wayne House (Th.D., J.D.). "NKJV Study Bible (2nd ed.)" p. 1903.
  8. ^ Menken, Maarten J.J. (2002). 2 Thessalonians. Routledge. p. 65. ISBN 978-1-134-86748-6.


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