Back Сан Марино Abkhazian San Marino ACE San Marino Afrikaans San Marino GSW ሳን ማሪኖ (አገር) Amharic San marino AMI San Marino AN Sanct Marinusland ANG San Marino ANN सान मारिनो ANP
Republic of San Marino Repubblica di San Marino (Italian) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Libertas (Latin) "Freedom" | |
| Anthem: Inno Nazionale della Repubblica (Italian) "National Anthem of the Republic of San Marino" | |
 Location of San Marino (green) in Europe (dark grey) | |
| Capital | City of San Marino 43°56′N 12°26′E / 43.933°N 12.433°E |
| Largest settlement | Dogana 43°58′53″N 12°29′22″E / 43.98139°N 12.48944°E |
| Official languages | Italian[1] |
| Other languages | Romagnol |
| Religion | 91.5% Christianity 7.5% no religion 1.0% other |
| Demonym(s) | Sammarinese |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary diarchic directorial republic |
| Luca Beccari | |
| Legislature | Grand and General Council |
| Independence | |
• From the Roman Empire | 3 September 301 (traditional) |
• From the Papal States | 1291 |
| |
| Area | |
• Total | 61.19 km2 (23.63 sq mi)[2] (191st) |
• Water (%) | 0 |
| Population | |
• 2025 estimate | 34,042[3] (191st) |
• Density | 579/km2 (1,499.6/sq mi) (24th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total |  $2.978 billion[4] (176th) |
• Per capita | $86,989[4] (12th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $2.034 billion[4] (171st) |
• Per capita | $59,405[4] (12th) |
| HDI (2023) | 0.915[5] very high (29th) |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+01 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02 (CEST) |
| Calling code | +378 (+39 0549 calling via Italy) |
| ISO 3166 code | SM |
| Internet TLD | .sm |
San Marino,[a] officially the Republic of San Marino,[b][7] is a landlocked country in Southern Europe, completely surrounded by Italy. Located on the northeastern slopes of the Apennine Mountains, it is the larger of two microstates within Italy, the other being Vatican City.[8] San Marino is the fifth-smallest country in the world,[9] with a land area of just over 61 km2 (23+1⁄2 sq mi) and a population of 34,042 as of 2025.[10] Its capital, the City of San Marino, sits atop Monte Titano, while its largest settlement is Dogana, in the municipality of Serravalle.
Founded according to myth in 301 AD, San Marino claims to be the oldest extant sovereign state and the oldest constitutional republic.[11] It is named after Saint Marinus, a legendary stonemason from the Roman island of Rab (in present-day Croatia), who is supposed to have established a monastic community on Monte Titano. The country has a rare constitutional structure: the Grand and General Council, a democratically elected legislature, selects two heads of state, the Captains Regent, every six months. They are chosen from opposing political parties, and serve concurrently with equal powers and preside over several institutions of state, including the Grand and General Council. Only the Federal Council of Switzerland also follows that structure, except with seven heads of state.
San Marino is a member of the Council of Europe and uses the euro as its official currency, but is not part of the European Union. The official language is Italian. Its economy is based on finance, industry, services, retail, and tourism, and it ranks among the wealthiest countries in the world by GDP (PPP) per capita.[2] San Marino was also the first existing state to abolish the death penalty[12] and currently ranks 43rd on the Human Development Index.[13]
- ^ "San Marino è". GOV.SM. Repubblica di San Marino. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
- ^ a b c San Marino. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
- ^ "Demographic structure". Office of Informatics, Technology, Data and Statistics. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
- ^ a b c d "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: April 2024". imf.org. International Monetary Fund.
- ^ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
- ^ "San Marino" (PDF). UNECE Statistics Programme. UNECE. 2009. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
- ^ "Official Names of the United Nations Membership" (PDF). United Nations.
- ^ "The Republic of San Marino: Italy's Mountaintop Microstate". Round the World in 30 Days. 14 August 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:0was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Demographic structure". Office of Informatics, Technology, Data and Statistics. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
- ^ "Europe's Micro-States: (04) San Marino". Deutsche Welle. 24 July 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
- ^ Chiaruzzi, Michele (2023). San Marino. Thomas W. Wilson (ed.), Europe. An Encyclopedia of Culture and Society, vol. 2, London-New York, Bloomsbury Academic, p. 796.
- ^ "Human Development Report 2021/2022" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 8 September 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
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