Back Skrikbewind (Franse Rewolusie) Afrikaans Terrorherrschaft ALS عهد الإرهاب Arabic حكم الارهاب ARZ El Terror AST Эпоха тэрору Byelorussian Эпоха тэрору BE-X-OLD Големият терор Bulgarian Spont bras Breton Jakobinska diktatura BS
| Part of the French Revolution | |
 Nine émigrés are executed by guillotine, 1793 | |
| Date | 1792/1793 – 27 July 1794 |
|---|---|
| Location | First French Republic |
| Organised by | Committee of Public Safety |
| Casualties | |
| at least 35,000–45,000[1][2] | |
The Reign of Terror (French: la Terreur) was a period of the French Revolution when, following the creation of the First Republic, a series of massacres and numerous public executions took place in response to the Federalist revolts, revolutionary fervour, anticlerical sentiment, and accusations of treason by the Committee of Public Safety. While terror was never formally instituted as a legal policy by the Convention, it was more often employed as a concept.[3]
Historians disagree when exactly "the Terror" began. Some consider it to have begun in 1793, often giving the date as 5 September or 10 March, when the Revolutionary Tribunal came into existence.[4] Others cite the earlier September Massacres in 1792, or even July 1789 when the first killing of the revolution occurred.[a] Will Durant stated that "strictly, it should be dated from the Law of Suspects, September 17, 1793, to the execution of Robespierre, July 28, 1794."[5]
The Terror concluded with the fall of Maximilien Robespierre and his alleged allies in July 1794,[4][6] in what is known as the Thermidorian Reaction. By then, 16,594 official death sentences had been dispensed throughout France since June 1793, of which 2,639 were in Paris alone. An additional 10,000 to 12,000 people had been executed without trial, and 10,000 had died in prison.[citation needed]
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
DGwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Jean-Clément Martin (2017). La Terreur : vérités et légendes (in French). Paris: Perrin. pp. 191–192.
- ^ Miller, Mary Ashburn (2011). A Natural History of Revolution: Violence and Nature in the French Revolutionary Imagination, 1789–1794. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0801460845. Archived from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 12 March 2023 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
EncBritwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Durant, Will (1975). The Story of Civilization: The Age of Napoleon. Simon and Schuster. p. 62. ISBN 978-1567310238.
- ^ Linton, Marisa (26 May 2004). "The Terror in the French Revolution" (PDF). Kingston University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 January 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2011.
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