Back السيستامين Arabic Cysteamin Czech Cysteamin Welsh Cysteamin German Cisteamino Esperanto Cisteamina Spanish سیستیمین Persian Cystéamine French ציסטאמין HE Ciszteamin Hungarian
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 Skeletal formula (top) Ball-and-stick model of the cysteamine | |
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| Trade names | Cystagon, Procysbi, Cystaran, others |
| Other names | 2-Aminoethanethiol, β-Mercaptoethylamine, 2-Mercaptoethylamine, decarboxycysteine, thioethanolamine, mercaptamine bitartrate, cysteamine (USAN US) |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth, eye drops |
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| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.421 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C2H7NS |
| Molar mass | 77.15 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Melting point | 95 to 97 °C (203 to 207 °F) |
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Cysteamine is an organosulfur compound with the formula HSCH2CH2NH2. A white, water-soluble solid, it contains both an amine and a thiol functional group. It is often used as the salt of the ammonium derivative [HSCH2CH2NH3]+,[11] including the hydrochloride, and the bitartrate. Another derivative is phosphocysteamine, H3NCH2CH2SPO3Na.[12][13] The intermediate pantetheine is broken down into cysteamine and pantothenic acid.[12]
It is biosynthesized in mammals, including humans, by the degradation of coenzyme A. It is the biosynthetic precursor to the neurotransmitter hypotaurine.[12][14]
- ^ "Cystadrops : Cysteamine Ophthalmic Solution" (PDF). Pdf.hres.ca. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 June 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
- ^ "Genetic disorders". Health Canada. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
- ^ "Cystagon 150 mg hard capsules - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". Medicines.org.uk. 19 June 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
- ^ "Cystadrops 3.8 mg/mL eye drops solution - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 19 June 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
- ^ "Procysbi 25 mg gastro-resistant hard capsules - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". Medicines.org.uk. 17 September 2019. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
USlabelCapsuleswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
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=Procysbi EPARwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Cystadrops EPARwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Reid EE (1958). Organic Chemistry of Bivalent Sulfur. Vol. 1. New York: Chemical Publishing Company, Inc. pp. 398–399.
- ^ a b c Besouw M, Masereeuw R, van den Heuvel L, Levtchenko E (August 2013). "Cysteamine: an old drug with new potential". Drug Discovery Today. 18 (15–16): 785–792. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2013.02.003. PMID 23416144.
- ^ Tennezé L, Daurat V, Tibi A, Chaumet-Riffaud P, Funck-Brentano C (1999). "A study of the relative bioavailability of cysteamine hydrochloride, cysteamine bitartrate and phosphocysteamine in healthy adult male volunteers". British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 47 (1): 49–52. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00844.x. PMC 2014194. PMID 10073739.
- ^ Singer TP (1975). "Oxidative Metabolism of Cysteine and Cystine". In Greenberg DM (ed.). Metabolic pathways: Metabolism of sulfur compounds. Vol. 7 (3rd ed.). New York: Academic Press. p. 545. ISBN 9780323162081. Archived from the original on 7 June 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2017.