Bhojpuri language

Bhojpuri
Bhojpuri
भोजपुरी · 𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂣𑂳𑂩𑂲
	The word "Bhojpuri" in the Devanagari script
Native to	India and Nepal
Region	Bhojpur-Purvanchal
Ethnicity	Bhojpuriya
Native speakers	52.2 million, partial count (2011 census); (additional speakers counted under Hindi)
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Eastern Bihari Bhojpuri; ; ; ; ;
Early forms	Magadhi Prakrit Magadhan Apabhraṃśa Abahattha ; ;
Dialects	Northern Standard Bhojpuri; Western Standard Bhojpuri; Southern Standard Bhojpuri; Domra; Musahari; Mauritian Bhojpuri; South African Bhojpuri (Naitali); Nagpuriya Bhojpuri; Caribbean Hindustani (incl. Sarnami);
Writing system	Devanagari; Kaithi (historical);
Official status
Official language in	Fiji (as Fiji Hindi)
Recognised minority; language in	India Jharkhand;
Regulated by	India Bihar (Bhojpuri Academy); Delhi (Maithili - Bhojpuri Academy, Delhi); Madhya Pradesh (Bhojpuri Sahitya Academy); ;
Language codes
ISO 639-2	bho
ISO 639-3	bho
Glottolog	bhoj1244
Linguasphere	59-AAF-sa
	Bhojpuri-speaking regions of India
	This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

This article contains Indic text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks or boxes, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.

A speaker of Bhojpuri

Bhojpuri (IPA: /ˌboʊdʒˈpʊəri/;^[7] Devanagari: भोजपुरी^ⓘ, Kaithi: 𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂣𑂳𑂩𑂲, (IPA: [bʰoːdʒpʊɾiː])) is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Bhojpur-Purvanchal region of India and the Terai region of Nepal.^[8] It is chiefly spoken in eastern Uttar Pradesh, western Bihar, and northwestern Jharkhand in India, as well as western Madhesh, eastern Lumbini. According to the 2011 Census of India, it is spoken by approximately 50.5 million people.^[9]

It is also a minority language in Fiji, Mauritius, Suriname and historically primarily in the Natal province of South Africa.^[10]^[11] Fiji Hindi, an official language of Fiji, is a dialect of Bhojpuri spoken by the Indo-Fijians. Caribbean Hindustani is spoken by the Indo-Caribbean people in Guyana, Suriname, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago.^[12] In Mauritius, it is a recognised by the government and taught in university as well.^[13]

Bhojpuri language is listed as potentially vulnerable in the UNESCO World Atlas of Languages.^[14]

^ "Census of India 2011" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 2011. p. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 August 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
^ "National Population and Housing Census 2011" (PDF). Census of Nepal. 2011. p. 138. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
^ Oozeerally, Shameem (March 2013). "The Evolution of Mauritian Bhojpuri: an Ecological Analysis - Mauritius Institute of Education". Retrieved 1 September 2020. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ Rambilass, B. "NAITALI - SOUTH AFRICAN BHOJPURI" (PDF). indiandiasporacouncil.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
^ Sudhir Kumar Mishra (22 March 2018). "Bhojpuri, 3 more to get official tag". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 22 March 2018.
^ "New chairman of Bhojpuri Academy | Patna News - Times of India". The Times of India. 28 August 2010. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
^ "Bhojpuri entry, Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015.
^ Bhojpuri Ethnologue World Languages (2009)^{[circular reference]}
^ Ojha, Atul Kr (6 May 2019), English-Bhojpuri SMT System: Insights from the Karaka Model, arXiv:1905.02239, retrieved 29 June 2025
^ Cite error: The named reference Rajend Mesthrie 1992, pages 30-32 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Mesthrie, Rajend (1985). A History of the Bhojpuri (or "Hindi") Language in South Africa. University of Cape Town.
^ Hindustani, Caribbean Archived 13 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine Ethnologue (2013)
^ "Mauritius Bhojpuri".
^ Cite error: The named reference UNESCO_bhoj was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[1] "Census of India 2011" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 2011. p. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 August 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2024.

[2] "National Population and Housing Census 2011" (PDF). Census of Nepal. 2011. p. 138. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.

[3] Oozeerally, Shameem (March 2013). "The Evolution of Mauritian Bhojpuri: an Ecological Analysis - Mauritius Institute of Education". Retrieved 1 September 2020. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[4] Rambilass, B. "NAITALI - SOUTH AFRICAN BHOJPURI" (PDF). indiandiasporacouncil.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2020.

[telegraph_jharkhandbihar_official-5] Sudhir Kumar Mishra (22 March 2018). "Bhojpuri, 3 more to get official tag". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 22 March 2018.

[6] "New chairman of Bhojpuri Academy | Patna News - Times of India". The Times of India. 28 August 2010. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2024.

[oxford-7] "Bhojpuri entry, Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015.

[eth2009-8] Bhojpuri Ethnologue World Languages (2009)^{[circular reference]}

[:7-9] Ojha, Atul Kr (6 May 2019), English-Bhojpuri SMT System: Insights from the Karaka Model, arXiv:1905.02239, retrieved 29 June 2025

[Rajend_Mesthrie_1992,_pages_30-32-10] Cite error: The named reference Rajend Mesthrie 1992, pages 30-32 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[11] Mesthrie, Rajend (1985). A History of the Bhojpuri (or "Hindi") Language in South Africa. University of Cape Town.

[12] Hindustani, Caribbean Archived 13 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine Ethnologue (2013)

[13] "Mauritius Bhojpuri".

[UNESCO_bhoj-14] Cite error: The named reference UNESCO_bhoj was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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Bhojpuri language

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