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Anti-Romani sentiment (also called antigypsyism, anti-Romanyism, antiziganism, ziganophobia, or Romaphobia) is an ideology which consists of hostility, prejudice, discrimination, racism, and xenophobia which is specifically directed at Romani people (Roma, Sinti, Iberian Kale, Welsh Kale, Finnish Kale, Horahane Roma, and Romanichal). Non-Romani itinerant groups in Europe such as the Yenish, Irish and Highland Travellers are frequently given the name "gypsy" and as a result, they are frequently confused with the Romani people. As a result, sentiments which were originally directed at the Romani people are also directed at other traveler groups and they are frequently referred to as "antigypsy" sentiments.[1]
The term antigypsyism is recognized by the European Parliament and the European Commission as well as by a wide cross-section of civil society.[2][3] Muslim Roma may face two forms of discrimination: anti-Romani sentiment and Islamophobia.[4][5][6] The term “Gypsy” is considered a slur when used by non-Roma because the words supports misconceptions and stereotypes that Romani people are nomads, roam around and engage in questionable, criminal or illegal activities, which is exemplified by the term "to gyp". The term also supports misconceptions that Romani people are from Egypt.[7]
Europe still hasn’t integrated or equalized its Romani population to this day. During the COVID-19 pandemic, hate speech in Europe increased according to Commissioner for Human Rights.[8] A 2024 United States Department of State report raised concerns about anti-Romani sentiment across Europe.[9] The Romani community in Europe encounters challenges including restricted access to quality education and obstacles in integrating into the labor market, which contribute to increased poverty and social exclusion, as well as inadequate healthcare and substandard living conditions. Romani children are inappropriately assigned to segregated "special" schools, where restricted curricula hinder their opportunities to realize their potential. Roma children and women are also particularly vulnerable to human trafficking.[10][11]